Aggravated Assault Minimum Sentence - Assault is defined as intentionally or recklessly harming a person and is charged as common assault, ABH or GBH depending on the severity. This depends on a number of characteristics such as motivating factors and the level of injury – general assaults usually cause minor injuries or discomfort while severe GBH damages long-term health. The maximum penalty for ABH is three years in prison, while the maximum penalty for GBH can be life imprisonment.
Assault is a complex legal area. Nick Titchner, solicitor at Lawtons, breaks down the categories into which a crime may fall. Every attack is different, and the outcome depends on a variety of factors, including:
Aggravated Assault Minimum Sentence
The interpretation of the details is the responsibility of the police and the prosecution team, and they first assess the severity of the incident and the type of attack. The level of damage dealt is the main difference in determining the level that can be charged.
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Intentionally or recklessly causing harm to another person is a common definition of assault in the UK. Usually, aggression is called a crime against people. Harm includes physical and psychological harm, including causing a person to fear for his or her own safety.
Different types of assault – such as GBH, ABH, common assault or battery – are each associated with a different severity, where different levels of harm are caused.
Causing serious bodily harm to another person is the most serious type of assault. GBH offenses can be committed in two ways:
GBH, whether in contravention of s.18 or s.20 OAPA, is the most serious because, in most cases, victims of GBH suffer serious and sometimes life-changing injuries. They can also be left with long-term scars or scars.
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If the violence is inflicted with a gun or equivalent weapon, then the conduct is likely to be classified as grievous bodily harm with intent (section 18).
The equivalent of a weapon is an item, object or body part that is not a weapon itself but can be a weapon if used intentionally, such as:
GBH may be inflicted by a blow or punch, but the more sustained, severe or prolonged the incident, the more likely the intended consequences will be.
Weapon use can also change the dynamics of a case. For example, if a person is accused of punching a victim once in the face causing a fractured eyeball, it can be found that serious injury was not considered. On the other hand, if a knuckle skirt is used, the eyeball crack is more likely to be considered intentional.
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Generally, the sentences for GBH are the most severe of all assault charges. As the most serious form of attack, the consequences reflect this. Depending on the factors of the case and the amount of damage, the starting point of punishment can be from 3 years to 16 years of imprisonment.
Whether the GBH violation was committed recklessly or intentionally is a primary factor in the court's determination of the appropriate range of punishment.
Along with other factors such as the level of harm, the court will consider several options and determine whether rehabilitation and non-custodial alternatives are appropriate compared to immediate incarceration conditions.
If the facts of the case indicate a lesser degree of guilt, such as the use of a single punch, then the consequences may be as high as public order.
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Where the injury is caused by assault, but does not cause serious harm, this can be an offense of assault with actual bodily harm (ABH). Determining whether an injury should be considered severe is often a subjective matter. This will usually be at the discretion of the prosecutor or an investigating police officer, although statutory guidelines and tests provide the basis for this assessment.
An injury that interferes with the plaintiff's health or personal comfort can be an "actual" injury by assault. Damage actually refers to the well-known consequences of an assault, meaning that physical and mental injuries must only cause minimal damage to health, but must be proven.
One such example, which caused serious injury, was exhibited in a case where the defendant allegedly cut the plaintiff's hair to a predominantly negative effect on personal comfort and confidence.
If the accused pleads guilty or is found guilty at the court hearing, a punishment can be issued by the prosecutor.
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ABH cases can be tried in magistrates' courts or the Crown Court as 'any' offences. Where the case is heard depends on the severity and the consequences can vary from a community order (if the person is low risk) to 3 years in prison in the most severe scenario heard by the Crown Court.
Common assault or battery usually involves the unlawful touching of a person (where he does not "quietly" consent, i.e. if he is moved during the concert), but does not require injury.
Under the law, assault or common assault occurs where there is more than casual or casual contact. The police or the prosecutor do not have to prove the injury. Usually - with some exceptions - prosecutors prefer not to pursue a case in court if there is no harm at all because it would not serve the interests of justice to do so.
Generally, most minor assaults that cause minor injury or discomfort or pain will be prosecuted as common assault.
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Common assault is the only 'main' assault charge which is summary only, meaning it can only be heard in a magistrates' court, unlike ABH offenses which can be heard in a magistrates' court or crown court.
Where ABH is dealt with in a Magistrate's Court, it is often punished in the same manner as ordinary assault, and the main objective is to assess the situation, together with aggravating and mitigating factors. The maximum punishment for conventional violation is 6 months imprisonment and the minimum punishment is nominal fine. This is usually around 50% of a person's weekly income.
If you are arrested by the police for assault, your first step should be to seek professional legal representation, as the police will start filing a case against you from the moment you are arrested. The team at Lawtons are available 24 hours a day to represent accused persons to support your rights and help you achieve a positive outcome. We have a team of specialist solicitors in London, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire and Essex.
Note: This guide is intended to provide general information only and is not intended to be used as a basis for providing advice, nor should it be relied upon as providing specific advice for a particular case or individual.
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Lawtons accepts no responsibility for the use of this manual. If you require specific advice regarding a specific case or situation, please contact us so that we can provide you with specific legal advice and assistance.
Nick Titchner, a solicitor based at Lawtons in London, has many years of experience in a wide range of serious legal cases including sexual offences, violence and assault. Thanks to his measured and methodical approach, Nick thrives on complex cases.
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The severity of the penalty for GBH depends on whether the attack was intentional or reckless. The maximum penalty for GBH is life imprisonment.
A blow to the face is usually charged as a GBH blow. Check out the chart above to see where this ranks on the severity scale across all types of violent crime.
Depending on the severity of the assault and the type of weapon used, assault with a weapon is usually classified as aggravated GBH, the most serious level of assault. This includes the use of the equivalent of a weapon - an object, item, or body part that is not itself a weapon, but can be a weapon if used intentionally.
There is no single definition of aggravated assault because there are many factors that can lead to assault being "aggravated." However, racist assaults are charged with the highest level of punishment as some of the most serious acts of racist GBH violence.
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Battery is a form of assault. Among the different types, it is generally considered the least dangerous crime and the crime has a relatively low level. A more serious form of assault is general assault, ABH
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